OPTOM 103 Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis of human disease based on a molecular and cellular framework. Fundamental concepts such as homeostasis, cell injury, protective responses (inflammation, fever, immune response) and the healing process. Systemic pathophysiology: abnormal functions of the cardiovascular system, endocrine system, nervous system, urinary system, muscular system, respiratory system and digestive system.
OPTOM 104 Anatomy of the Eye 1
The gross, microscopic and ultra structure of ocular tissues. The embryology of the eye is included. The relationship of the eye to the vascular supply of the head and the vascular supply of the head and the nervous system will be studied. This course is credited only upon completion of OPTOM 114.
OPTOM 105 Medical Microbiology
Bacterial physiology and genetics, normal flora, bacteria, chlamydiae, rickettsiae, fungi, viruses, parasites and related diseases.
OPTOM 106 Geometrical, Physical and Visual Optics
Nature of light, wave motion and superposition, rectilinear propagation, reflection and refraction, image formation and quality, optical properties of plane and curved surfaces, prisms and thin lenses. Apertures and pupils. Thick lens theory, lens systems, ray construction, Fraunhofer diffraction and resolution limit. Fresnel diffraction. Simple optical eye models. Refractive error and its correction. Interference and coherence of light: applications. Lasers
OPTOM 108 Histology of Tissues and Organs
The organization of human cells, tissues and organs. Cellular structure and function is presented as a foundation for understanding fundamental pathological constructs (e.g. carcinoma versus sarcoma). Detailed histology of major organ systems that are likely to have ocular manifestations when diseased. This coursework will provide the basis for subsequent courses in the pathobiology of ocular and systemic human disease.
OPTOM 109 Visual Perception 1: Perception of Light
Sensory processes involved in visual perception. Topics include spectral sensitivity, light and dark adaptation, temporal and spatial resolution, and principles of photometry.
OPTOM 115 Systemic Disease
Etiology, signs, symptoms, diagnosis and management of diseases affecting the organs and tissues of the human body including: circulatory, hemopoietic/lymphoid, lungs/upper respiratory tract, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, liver/biliary tract, pancreas, urogenital system, endocrine system, musculoskeletal system, skin, nervous system diseases.
OPTOM 124 Human Gross Anatomy
A selective study of human gross anatomy as a basis for understanding disease. Strong emphasis is placed on head and neck anatomy, including the orbit, but thorough coverage of thorax, abdomen and pelvis is provided as well. Didactic material is illustrated in laboratory experience with prosected human cadavers, plasticized cadaveric material, anatomical models and computer-based learning tools.
OPTOM 126 Fundamentals of Visual Optics
Refraction and reflection of light by the surfaces of the eye. Optical properties of emmetropic and ametropic eyes as a function of growth and pupil size and their measurement. Properties of the retinal image including size, blur and quality and their relationship to imperfections of the optics. Light scattered in the eye. Relationships between the retinal image and visual perception. The retinal image and accommodation.
OPTOM 134 Immunology
An introduction to the vertebrate immune response; the cells and tissues of the lymphoid system; humoral and cell-mediated immunity; initiation and regulation of the immune response; the immune system and disease, techniques used in immunology. Unique features of the immunobiology of the eye are included.
OPTOM 143 Physiology of the Eye
The physiology of the smooth muscles of the eye, the extraocular striate muscles, the lacrimal apparatus, the cornea, the iris, the lens, the ciliary body and the vitreous body. Production and drainage of acqueous and related influences on intraocular pressure. The vascular supply of the eye.
OPTOM 152 Clinical Techniques 1
Clinical techniques for the primary care examination of the optical properties and ocular health of the ye. Case history taking. Medical emergency responses. Professional boundaries.
OPTOM 155 Diseases of the Eye 1
Anterior segment disease including etiology, pathogenesis, signs, symptoms, differential diagnosis and management of diseases of the ocular adnexa and anterior segment of the eye: the lids, orbit and adnexa, conjuntiva, comea, uvea, sciera, lens and cataract, the glaucomas and ocular emergencies.
OPTOM 155L Diseases of the Eye 1 Laboratory
Selected clinical techniques for students taking OPTOM 155.
OPTOM 215 Systemic Disease
Etiology, signs, symptoms, diagnosis and management of diseases affecting the organs and tissues of the human body including: circulatory, hemopoietic/lymphoid, lungs/upper respiratory tract, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, liver/biliary tract, pancreas, urogenital system, endocrine system, musculoskeletal system, skin, nervous system diseases.
OPTOM 216 Ophthalmic Optics 1
Single vision spectacle lenses. Lens and frame materials. Optical and ophthalmic instrumentation. Image quality. Polarization. Tinted lenses. Decentration and prismatic effect. Obliquely crossed cylinders. Spectacle magnification. Ophthalmic laboratory procedures: measurement of spectacle lens power.
OPTOM 219 Visual Perception 2: Monocular and Binocular Visual Processes
Physical space and visual space. Fundamental perceptual processes, binocular vision, stereopsis, binocular space perception. Systems of analysing binocular vision. Theory of aniseikonia. Perceptual aspects of aniseikonia.
OPTOM 231 Introductory Clinical Pharmacology
Pharcaokinetic and pharmacodynamic theory. Systemic medications used to manage most major diseases. Mechanism of action, contraindications and systemic and ocular adverse drug reactions.
OPTOM 239 Visual Perception 3:Colour Vision
An introduction to colour perception, colorimetry and colour discrimination. Characteristics of congenital and acquired colour vision deficiencies, colour vision test design and patient management.
OPTOM 243 Neurophysiology of Vision
The neural processing of colour, brightness, movement and form by the retina, lateral geniculate, cortex, superior colliculus and other brain centres. Neural mechanisms underlying binocular depth perception, the accommodative response and eye movement.
OPTOM 245 Diseases of the Eye 1
Anterior segment disease including etiology, pathogenesis, signs, symptoms, differential diagnosis and management of diseases of the ocular adnexa and anterior segment of the eye: the lids, orbit and adnexa, conjuntiva, comea, uvea, sciera, lens and cataract, the glaucomas and ocular emergencies.
OPTOM 245L Diseases of the Eye 1 Laboratory
Selected clinical techniques for students taking OPTOM 155.
OPTOM 246 Ophthalmic Optics 2
Multifocal spectacle lenses. Aberrations of thin lenses and spectacle lens design. Prescribing and fitting of spectacles. Environmental and occupational prescribing. Prescription analysis. Ophthalmic and visual standards. Computer vision syndrome. Ophthalmic laboratory procedures: measurement of complex spectacle lenses, and spectacle frame adjustment and repairs.
OPTOM 250 Optometric Jurisprudence
Legal aspects of practising optometry in Canada. Fundamentals of Canadian law. Negligence. Informed consent. Legislation and regulations affecting optometric practice.
OPTOM 252 Clinical Techniques 2
Basic and clinical ocular motility. Basic concepts of ocular motility are integrated with clinical methods. Assessment and diagnosis of strabismic and non-strabismic disorders.
OPTOM 252L Clinical Techniques 2 Laboratory
Selected clinical techniques for students taking OPTOM 252.
OPTOM 255 Diseases of the Eye 2
Etiology, signs, symptoms, diagnosis, management, and epidemiology of diseases of the posterior segment of the eye; higher visual and oculomotor systems; multisystem diseases.
OPTOM 255L Diseases of the Eye 2 Laboratory
Selected clinical techniques for students taking OPTOM 255.
OPTOM 260 Professional Ethics and Optometric Communication
A survey of alternative philosophical perspectives involved in resolution of sample ethical and moral issues confronting optometrists. Awareness of the explicit and implicit contents of written and vocal communications. An exploration of optometric communication issues related to letter and report writing, patient counselling, patient referral, fee presentation, and complaint management.
OPTOM 261 Clinical Ocular Pharmacology
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic principles of ophthalmic drug design and delivery. Selection and use of ophthalmic diagnostic pharmaceutical agents, palliative agents and therapeutic pharmaceutical agents. Mechanism of action, contraindications and adverse drug reactions. Recommended guidelines for use and follow-up procedures.
OPTOM 262 Clinical Techniques 3
Differential diagnosis and problem specific testing using a systems examination approach. Minimum database expectations. Record keeping, case presentations, counselling, referrals and report writing. Preparation for entry into Optometry Clinic including policy review and standards of practice. Observation and preliminary testing in the Optometry Clinic.
OPTOM 265 Ophthalmic Lasers & Refractive Surgery
General principles, types and uses of lasers in eyecare. Biagnostic, thermal, ionizing, and excimer lasers. Refractive surgery. Safety and efficacy. Pre-operative and post-operative care.
OPTOM 270 Public Health Optometry
Introduction to the foundation and basic sciences of public health with an emphasis on the epidemiology of vision problems.
OPTOM 272 Strabismus and Aniseikonia
Detection and evaluation of sensory and motor characteristics of vision in aniseikonic, strabismic and nonstrabismic patients. Classifications, diagnoses, prognoses, and modes of therapy for aniseikonic, nonstrabismic, and strabismic patients.
OPTOM 342A Case Analysis and Optometric Therapies 1
The clinical application of the visual sciences. Emphasis is placed on the differential diagnostic method of analyzing clinical data with consideration given to appropriate clinical techniques, effective record keeping, recommended optometric therapies and prognoses.
OPTOM 346 Ophthalmic Optics 3
Spectacle frame materials. Fitting and adjusting techniques. Selection of lens design. Lenses for high myopia. Dispensing of eye protectors. Optics of low vision aids. Patient counselling and management of dispensing problems. Laboratories provide experience in practical aspects of ophthalmic dispensing.
OPTOM 346A Ophthalmic Optics 3
Spectacle frame materials. Fitting and adjusting techniques. Selection of lens design. Lenses for high myopia. Dispensing of eye protectors. Optics of low vision aids. Patient counselling and management of dispensing problems. Laboratories provide experience in practical aspects of ophthalmic dispensing.
OPTOM 346B Ophthalmic Optics 3
Continuation of 346A. Practical aspects of ophthalmic dispensing. Spectacle lens and frame selection, frame fitting and adjusting techniques, repairs.
OPTOM 347 Contact Lenses 1
Indications and contra-indications for contact lens wear. Lens selection and design. Fitting and evaluating rigid and hydrogel soft contact lenses. Physico-chemical and mechanical properties of contact lens materials. Optical and mathematical concepts. The ocular physiological response to contact lens wear. Care and maintenance of contact lenses.
OPTOM 348A Optometry Clinics
Students are assigned to various areas within the clinic where, under direct clinical faculty supervision, they participate in the provision of optometric services to clinic patients. In addition to primary care, they are exposed to the provision of contact lens, ocular health and optical services.
OPTOM 348B Optometry Clinics
Students are assigned to various areas within the clinic where, under direct clinical faculty supervision, they participate in the provision of optometric services to clinic patients. In addition to primary care, they are exposed to the provision of contact lens, ocular health and optical services.
OPTOM 367 Contact Lenses 2
Detection and management of chronic and acute complications induced by contact lenses. Contact lens management options for special conditions such as dry eye, aphakia and keratoconus (and other corneal irregularities). Disposable lenses and replacement regimens. Extended wear options. Alternative management of refractive errors such as orthokeratology and refractive surgery. Contact lenses and presbyopia.
OPTOM 375 Diseases of the Eye 3
Advanced considerations of the etiology, signs, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and management of ocular disease. Emphasis will be placed on the clinical case management with therapeutic pharmaceutical agents.
OPTOM 375L Diseases of the Eye 3 Laboratory
Selected clinical techniques for students taking OPTOM 375.
OPTOM 377 Pediatric Optometry and Learning Disabilities
Optometric examination and management of infants, children and patients with learning disabilities or multiple-challenges. General child development and the development of the optical and sensory-motor functions of the visual system. Learning disabilities and related vision problems. The role of the optometrist in conjunction with parents, teachers and psychologists.
OPTOM 380 Practice Management
Practice management issues relating to solo, associate-ships, contracts, the development and running of a clinical practice, opening a practice, staff training, dealing with complaints, data collection, practice promotion and marketing, advertising, financial and legal issues.
OPTOM 385 Clinical Medicine for Optometric Practice
Overview of current medical diagnoses and management of systemic diseases with ocular involvement. History and physical examination (including neurological examination), clinical laboratory testing, and diagnostic imaging. Diseases of high prevalence including cardiovascular, cancer, endocrine, and neurological disorders.
OPTOM 387 Gerontology and Low Vision
Aging and its effects on the visual system in both health and disease, care and management of the aging patient. Assessment and management of visual impairment and disability, including both optical and non-optical therapies. Epidemiology and psychology of vision impairment, and associated rehabilitative services.
OPTOM 412 Case Analysis 3
Building on analytical principles developed in OPTOM 342, this course involves student, case-based presentations in a grand rounds format. Each student chooses one, different, interesting case from his/her previous clinical experience. The student presents the case and answers questions related to the case and the patient's condition(s). Faculty discussants will direct the students in assessing the basic and clinical science features of the cases. Patient cases may be chosen from any aspect of optometric practice.
OPTOM 451 Optometry Research Project
An independent research project on an approved topic, supervised by a faculty member. This is the completion of the research proposal in OPTOM 441 and it is recommended that the format of the report, to be determined with the supervisor, follow the format selected for OPTOM 441.
OPTOM 458 Primary Care Externship
Supervised optometric patient care in various external clinical settings. Activities include practice management; optometric assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and dispensing; and management and prevention of disorders and diseases of the eye and associated systemic conditions.
OPTOM 460 Advanced Study Topics
Intensive study of a speciality optometric topic. Course formats may involve lectures, clinical worships, literature reviews or research projects.
OPTOM 468 Ocular Disease and Therapeutics Externship
Ocular therapeutics and disease management, externship supervised patient care and clinical instruction.
OPTOM 477 Clinical Techniques 4
This course will provide an opportunity for optometry students to discuss and evaluate clinical techniques, instrumentation, and ideologies not covered in the current curriculum. Students will be encouraged to use their basic knowledge of the vision sciences to provide a perceptive critique of the clinical subjects addressed.
OPTOM 478 Optometry Clinics
The course involves a variety of clinical rotations both on-site and off-site. Students provide direct patient care while receiving clinical instruction and evaluation by licensed supervisors. The clinical rotations allow students to enhance their optometric skills pertaining to examination, diagnosis, treatment, management and prevention. These skills are applied to diseases and disorders of the eye, the visual system, and associated structures as well as the diagnosis of related systemic conditions. Students encounter a wide variety of clinical settings (e.g. hospitals, community health clinics, nursing homes, etc.) and patient types (e.g. age, background, special needs, etc.). Students are required to show successful performance in each component of clinical training to which they are assigned.
OPTOM 488 Exit Exam Remediation
Remediation in areas failed during clinical exit examinations. On-site clinical rotations and self-study guided by the faculty.